Geothermal Energy

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Geothermal Energy

  • The term Geothermal originates from two Geek words ‘GEO’ and ‘THERM’.

  • The Greek word ‘geo’ meant the earth whilst their word for ‘therm’ meant heat from the earth.

  • Energy that is stored in earth is called a Geothermal energy. Geothermal energy is extracted from the head obtained in earth’s core. This is one of clean sources of energy because it releases little greenhouse gases. Geothermal energy is natural source of energy.

  • Heat is continuously produced by earth since Geothermal energy is a renewable energy source.

  • The energy derived from the heat of the earth is called geothermal energy.
  • Energy harnessed by the temperature of Earth and gets stored inside the earth is called as geothermal energy.
  • Geothermal energy is the energy obtained by the heat inside the earth’s interior or earth’s crust.

  • Geothermal energy is a renewable energy source because the heat is continuously produced inside the Earth. Geothermal energy is found near area where  volcanic activity has occurred, the head provide from volcanic activity can provide geothermal energy

  • Hot rock, hot liquid, or in steam form are where Geothermal energy can be found.

  • Geothermal energy is thermal energy generated and stored in the Earth. Thermal energy is the energy that determines the temperature of matter. The Geothermal energy of the Earth’s crust originates from the original formation of the planet (20%) and from radioactive decay of minerals (80%). The geothermal gradient, which is the difference in temperature between the core of the planet and its surface, drives a continuous conduction of thermal energy in the form of heat from the core to the surface. The adjective geothermal originates from the Greek roots γη (ge), meaning earth, and θερμος (thermos), meaning hot.

  • At the core of the Earth, thermal energy is created by radioactive decay and temperatures may reach over 5000 degrees Celsius (9,000 degrees Fahrenheit). Heat conducts from the core to surrounding cooler rock.

  • The high temperature and pressure cause some rock to melt, creating magma convection upward since it is lighter than the solid rock. The magma heats rock and water in the crust, sometimes up to 370 degrees Celsius (700 degrees Fahrenheit).

  • From hot springs, geothermal energy has been used for bathing since Paleolithic times and for space heating since ancient Roman times, but it is now better known for electricity generation. Worldwide, about 10,715 megawatts (MW) of geothermal power is online in 24 countries. An additional 28 gigawatts of direct geothermal heating capacity is installed for district heating, space heating, spas, industrial processes, desalination and agricultural applications.

  • Geothermal power is cost effective, reliable, sustainable, and environmentally friendly, but has historically been limited to areas near tectonic plate boundaries. Recent technological advances have dramatically expanded the range and size of viable resources, especially for applications such as home heating, opening a potential for widespread exploitation. Geothermal wells release greenhouse gases trapped deep within the earth, but these emissions are much lower per energy unit than those of fossil fuels. As a result, geothermal power has the potential to help mitigate global warming if widely deployed in place of fossil fuels.

Formation of Geothermal Energy

The Earth’s geothermal resources are theoretically more than adequate to supply humanity’s energy needs, but only a very small fraction may be profitably exploited. Drilling and exploration for deep resources is very fast. Forecasts for the future of geothermal power depend on assumptions about technology, energy prices, subsidies, and interest rates. Polls show that customers would be willing to pay a little more for a renewable energy source like geothermal. But as a result of government assisted research and industry experience, the cost of generating geothermal power has decreased by 25% over the past two decades. In 2001, geothermal energy cost between two and ten cents per kwh.